Abnormal Data on 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103105


Abnormal data patterns are observed on the standard deviation values on the Table 3 of this article [1]. Several numbers repeat too many times than expect, such as "0.89" repeats 30 times, "0.44" repeats 23 times, "1.09" repeats 13 times, "1.3" repeats 12 times, "0.83" repeats 11 times, "1.14" repeats 10 times. Such abnormal pattern suggests that the data may be manipulated.



Reference

[1] 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103105






Author: WU Guangheng

Founder and Chair of the 5GH Foundation

E-Mail: wu@5gh.org.cn

Document ID: 5GH-WuGH-xxxxxxxx.xxx

Publication Date: 2025.11.09

This article is licensed under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International License

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